The Following Decades

The period from the end of the Red River War in 1875 through the end of the nineteenth century was, for the Southern Plains nations, a period of loss on multiple fronts simultaneously.

The land base was progressively reduced.

The allotment policy, codified in the Dawes Act of 1887, broke reservations into individual plots and sold the “surplus” to settlers.

The Comanche, Kiowa, and Kiowa-Apache reservation in Indian Territory was opened to settlement in 1901, with the remaining land distributed as individual allotments rather than tribal territory.