Millions take this pill daily, assuming it’s harmless.
But what if the relief it provides comes with a hidden cost to the brain? A medication commonly prescribed for nerve and back pain may quietly increase the risk of memory problems years later—an invisible danger that’s largely gone unnoticed.
A Closer Look at Gabapentin
Gabapentin, once hailed as a breakthrough for epilepsy and nerve disorders, has become one of the most prescribed medications in the U.S. Known under brand names like Neurontin, it helps calm overactive nerve signals and ease chronic pain, including sciatica, post-surgical discomfort, and lower back pain.
Yet, recent research suggests that long-term use may carry unexpected risks for cognitive health.
The Study
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University analyzed over 26,000 American medical records from 2004 to 2024. They found that patients who filled six or more gabapentin prescriptions had a 29% higher risk of developing dementia compared to those who did not.
It’s important to stress: this study shows a correlation, not a direct cause. Patients taking gabapentin often have chronic pain, which itself can affect brain health, and the study did not account for dosage or exact length of use.
Dr. Leah Mursaleen of Alzheimer’s Research UK noted that chronic pain and reduced physical activity—common in patients taking gabapentin—are recognized factors for cognitive decline. Professor Tara Spires-Jones of the University of Edinburgh added that these lifestyle and health variables may contribute to the association.
What This Means
Gabapentin remains a valuable treatment for nerve pain and epilepsy. However, these findings highlight the importance of careful monitoring and informed discussion with healthcare providers, particularly for long-term users. Patients should never stop their medication abruptly, but should explore risks, alternatives, and strategies for cognitive health with their doctors.
Balancing pain relief and brain health may require more attention than previously thought—awareness is the first step.