First, it prevents the misinterpretation of population genetic findings as direct evidence about the history of specific, named communities.

The genome of USR1 tells us about the genetic lineage to which she belonged and about the broad population history of the Americas.

It does not tell us anything directly about the history of any specific Native nation — not the Athabascan nations with traditional territory at Upward Sun River, not the Clovis people, not any specific contemporary community.

Second, it prevents the inappropriate use of genetic findings to make claims about cultural continuity or discontinuity.

Population genetics can tell us about the movement and differentiation of human populations as measured by genetic markers.