When radiocarbon dates from multiple different types of material in the same stratigraphic layer are consistent with each other, they provide strong evidence that those materials were deposited at approximately the same time.

The ancient DNA provides information about who was present — specifically, about the maternal lineage of the people whose biological material is preserved in the coprolites.

This information is powerful but limited: it establishes a biological connection to Native American founding populations without establishing specific cultural or tribal identity, and it is subject to the contamination and DNA movement concerns that the critics correctly identified.

The fecal lipid biomarkers address the identity of the coprolite producer through an entirely different biochemical pathway.