They were using it for its effects.

This behavioral specificity is itself significant.

Together, these contributions form a package of findings that is more than the sum of its parts.

The study does not merely claim to have found old betel nut use.

It provides the methodology, the chemical evidence, and the pharmacological confirmation that make the claim robust.

The Island That Keeps Surprising Science

Sulawesi keeps producing record-breaking archaeological discoveries, and the pattern deserves notice.

In the past decade alone, Sulawesi has yielded: