The conflict has typically been framed as the Army’s story — as a military campaign in which the Apache were the antagonists and the Army was the protagonist.

The intelligence, the courage, and the specific capabilities of the Apache resisters are occasionally acknowledged, but they are typically framed as obstacles to be overcome rather than as achievements worthy of recognition in their own right.

A more complete history — one that takes the Apache perspective seriously — would tell a story in which the Apache resisters were the protagonists of their own story, fighting for their homeland and their way of life against an opponent with vastly greater material resources.

It would recognize the specific individuals who made that resistance possible — including Lozen — as figures of historical significance rather than as anonymous members of a defeated enemy force.