The Y chromosome passes from father to son with little change across generations.

If Geronimo’s Y chromosome profile could be determined, it could be compared to the Y chromosome profiles of his known male-line descendants.

Mitochondrial DNA, which passes from mother to children.

Mitochondrial DNA can be used to trace matrilineal ancestry.

If Geronimo had grandchildren or great-grandchildren through his daughters, their mitochondrial DNA would match his own mitochondrial DNA, which would in turn match that of his mother and his matrilineal ancestors.

The limitations of this comparison are important to understand: