For remains of this age (1909-1918), a small sample of dense bone — typically from the petrous portion of the temporal bone, at the base of the skull, which preserves DNA particularly well — or a tooth root would be preferred.

The sample would be processed in a specialized ancient DNA laboratory that takes precautions against contamination by modern human DNA.

These laboratories maintain strict protocols including dedicated air filtration systems, full-body coveralls, and regular testing of surfaces and personnel to detect any modern DNA contamination.

The ancient DNA from the sample would be extracted, amplified, and sequenced.

The resulting genetic profile would then be compared to genetic profiles from known descendants of Geronimo — people like Harlyn Geronimo who have stated willingness to provide samples — as well as, ideally, to a broader database of Apache genetic diversity.

The specific genetic markers most useful for the comparison would likely include: