The Nez Perce Chief Who Refused To Surrender 40 Miles From Canada — Then Slipped Past The Army And Escaped
He gave the accounts of what had happened that were quoted, paraphrased, and eventually published in ways that made him, in American popular understanding, the face of the Nez Perce cause.
The people remained in Indian Territory for years.
A portion of the surviving nimíipuu were eventually allowed to return to the Pacific Northwest in 1885 — but not to the Wallowa Valley.
They were sent to the Lapwai Reservation in Idaho.
The Wallowa band, including Joseph himself, was sent instead to the Colville Reservation in Washington Territory, further from their homeland.
Joseph never received permission to return to the Wallowa Valley.
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