Assyrian kings recorded campaigns against the Philistine cities and eventually incorporated them into the Assyrian provincial system.

The Philistines maintained their cultural and (to some extent) ethnic distinctiveness under Assyrian rule, but were eventually assimilated into the broader Near Eastern world.

The city of Ashdod appears in records of the Assyrian king Sargon II (721-705 BCE) as a target of military action.

The Philistine cities also appear in the records of Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal.

The Philistine cities continued to exist into the Babylonian and Persian periods, though their cultural distinctiveness had diminished substantially by this point.

The Shardana continue to appear in records from various parts of the Mediterranean after the Bronze Age Collapse, suggesting that the group maintained some coherent identity for generations after the initial period of the Sea Peoples’ movements.