The Seneca Man Who Wrote The Surrender Terms At Appomattox – Then Became America’s First Native Commissioner Of Indian Affairs
He contacted state officials in New York.
He sought intervention from political allies.
He was repeatedly turned away.
The rejection was not unique to Parker — it reflected a broader uncertainty within the federal government about the status of Native Americans during the war.
Some Native men served in the Union Army as enlisted soldiers; their service was accepted because the practical pressures of war and the specific circumstances of their enlistment made the citizenship question easy to set aside at that level.
An officer’s commission was different.
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