The Shawnee Leader Who Almost Built A Native American Nation — And Why His Plan Was The Last Real Chance
They attacked the accommodationist Creek leadership.
They attacked American settlers and military posts.
The most famous engagement was the Battle of Fort Mims in August 1813, where Red Stick warriors killed several hundred American settlers and allied Creek.
The response was Andrew Jackson.
He raised a large militia force from Tennessee and allied with the accommodationist Creeks and Cherokee.
The campaign culminated in the Battle of Horseshoe Bend, where Jackson’s force, using Cherokee allies who swam the river and attacked from behind, essentially destroyed the Red Stick force.
The peace terms that Jackson imposed — the Treaty of Fort Jackson — were punitive beyond any military necessity.