The 14,200-Year-Old Human DNA Found In Ancient Feces — And The Oregon Cave Discovery That Challenged Clovis
They knew the routes that large animals followed in their seasonal movements.
They knew the locations of reliable water and of shelter against the wind.
They knew the seasonal hazards — the storms, the cold, the occasional floods — and had strategies for managing them.
This knowledge was not innate; it was learned, accumulated over generations, and transmitted through the social structures of the community.
The people at Paisley Caves 14,000 years ago were not isolated individuals stumbling through an unfamiliar landscape; they were members of communities with deep knowledge of specific territories, with established practices for exploiting those territories effectively, and with the social organization to survive the inevitable lean periods and environmental stresses of mobile life in a semi-arid landscape.
The caves themselves were part of this knowledge landscape — specific, known locations with specific, understood properties.